The History of Oklahoma

Francisco Vásquez de Coronado, an explorer from Spain, ventured into the region now known as Oklahoma in 1541. Later, the United States obtained most of Oklahoma through the Louisiana Purchase in 1803, with the Western Panhandle becoming U.S. territory upon the annexation of Texas in 1845.

Initially designated as Indian Territory in 1834, the region was divided into Indian Territory and Oklahoma Territory on May 2, 1890. These two territories were eventually merged to form the state of Oklahoma on November 16, 1907.

The state's nickname, "Sooners," emerged from the events of April 22, 1889, when homesteading was officially opened. Approximately 50,000 individuals rushed into the area, with some attempting to claim land before the designated time of noon. These early settlers who beat the starting signal were known as "Sooners," a term that has since become synonymous with Oklahoma.

The discovery of oil brought prosperity to Oklahoma, although natural gas production has now surpassed it in economic importance. Key industries in the state include oil refining, meat packing, food processing, and machinery manufacturing, particularly construction and oil equipment. Valuable minerals extracted in Oklahoma encompass helium, gypsum, zinc, cement, coal, copper, and silver.

The fertile plains of Oklahoma yield abundant crops such as wheat, sorghum, hay, cotton, and peanuts. Livestock products, including cattle, dairy, swine, and broilers, contribute significantly to the state's agricultural output, accounting for over half of its annual farm receipts.

Oklahoma boasts several noteworthy tourist attractions, including the National Cowboy Hall of Fame in Oklahoma City, the Will Rogers Memorial in Claremore, the Cherokee Cultural Center featuring a restored Cherokee village, the preserved Fort Gibson Stockade near Muskogee, the Lake Texoma recreation area, and horse racing venues such as Remington Park in Oklahoma City and Blue Ribbon Downs in Sallisaw.

While Oklahoma was historically a stronghold for the Democratic Party during the first half of the 20th century, it has gradually shifted towards conservatism. Republican presidential candidates have carried the state in nearly every election since 1952, with the exception of 1964. Additionally, no Democratic presidential candidate has won a single county in Oklahoma since 2000.

The renowned Lewis and Clark expedition further explored Oregon's vast territory in 1805, uncovering its natural wonders and resources. John Jacob Astor's fur depot, Astoria, was established in 1811, playing a pivotal role in the region's early economic development. Finally, disputes between American settlers and the Hudson Bay Company reached resolution with the 1846 Oregon Treaty, granting the United States full control over the region and solidifying its place in history.

Oregon's agricultural sector boasts a variety of valuable crops, with greenhouse and nursery products such as daffodils, irises, and tulips for bulbs being particularly significant. Hay ranks as the state's second most valuable crop, while ryegrass, wheat, and onions also contribute to Oregon's agricultural success. The state holds a prominent position in seed production for various grasses and is a leading producer of peppermint oil and Christmas trees.

Thanks to its abundant supply of low-cost electric power generated by dams, Oregon has emerged as a thriving manufacturing state. Lumber and plywood manufacturing take center stage, accompanied by metalwork, machinery, aluminum, chemicals, paper, food packing, and electronic equipment industries. The wood processing sector, including the production of plywood, veneer, and particleboard, is a vital component of Oregon's economy, and the state leads the nation in lumber production.

Oregon's natural wonders attract numerous visitors each year. Crater Lake National Park, with its stunningly deep blue lake, and the impressive Bonneville Dam on the Columbia River are major tourist attractions. Other points of interest include the Oregon Dunes National Recreation Area, Oregon Caves National Monument, Cape Perpetua in Siuslaw National Forest, Columbia River Gorge, Hells Canyon, Newberry Volcanic National Monument, and John Day Fossil Beds National Monument. These diverse sites offer visitors a chance to immerse themselves in the state's breathtaking landscapes and rich geological history.

In terms of ideology, Oregon has been recognized as one of the most liberal states, ranking third behind Washington DC and Massachusetts in a 2012 Gallup survey. In the same survey, Oregon placed near the bottom of the most religious states, aligning with its progressive reputation. However, the state's commitment to education is evident, as over 20,000 students in the 2012 graduating class took at least one Advanced Placement (AP) exam, signifying a dedication to academic excellence and growth.