State Abbreviation: SD

Capital: Pierre

Name Origin: Dakota is a Native American Sioux word that means roughly “friendly” or “allies.”

Nickname: Mount Rushmore State; Coyote State

Statehood: November 2, 1889 (40th State)

State Motto: "Under God the people rule"

The exploration of the area now known as South Dakota began in 1743 when French explorers Louis-Joseph and François Verendrye ventured in search of a route to the Pacific Ocean. Subsequently, the United States acquired the region through the Louisiana Purchase in 1803, with the famous expedition of Lewis and Clark further exploring the area from 1804 to 1806. In 1817, the first permanent settlement, Fort Pierre, was established.

However, significant settlement in South Dakota did not occur until the arrival of the railroad in 1873 and the discovery of gold in the Black Hills in 1874, sparking a rush of people seeking fortune and a new beginning.

While agriculture has long been a cultural and economic cornerstone of the state, South Dakota has seen a shift in its economic landscape. Durable-goods manufacturing and private services have emerged as key drivers of the economy, alongside a flourishing tourism industry that generates over a billion dollars in economic activity annually.

South Dakota holds prominence as the second-largest producer of sunflower seed and oil in the nation. It is also a leading producer of various small grains, including oats, barley, rye, flaxseed, sorghum, and alfalfa.

The Black Hills, the highest mountains east of the Rockies, captivate visitors with their majestic beauty. Among the notable attractions within this range is Mount Rushmore, where the granite likenesses of Washington, Jefferson, Lincoln, and Theodore Roosevelt were meticulously carved by Gutzon Borglum. Additionally, an ongoing granite carving project near Custer memorializes Crazy Horse, an iconic figure in Native American history.

South Dakota boasts other captivating tourist destinations as well. The Badlands showcase stunning geological formations, while Mitchell proudly boasts the World's Only Corn Palace, a unique architectural gem. The city of Deadwood, historically significant for the death of Wild Bill Hickok in 1876, recently legalized gambling, adding to its allure.

In recent years, the agricultural landscape in South Dakota has undergone changes. According to a report from the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA), the number of farms in the state has decreased, while the average farm size has increased. While the number of farms decreased to less than 300 in 2012, the average size expanded by 13 acres, reflecting shifting dynamics in the agricultural sector.

South Dakota's history, natural beauty, and evolving economy make it a state with a fascinating past and promising future. Whether exploring its rugged landscapes, delving into its cultural heritage, or witnessing its agricultural and industrial contributions, South Dakota offers a diverse array of experiences for visitors and residents alike.

• Nearly three million people visit Mount Rushmore each year.
  
• Famous folks who lived in South Dakota include newscaster Tom Brokaw, Sioux Indian chief Crazy Horse, author Laura Ingalls Wilder, Calamity Jane, and Dakota Indian chief Sitting Bull.
  
• Started in 1948, the Crazy Horse Memorial is still being carved today in the Black Hills. When finished, the statue will be 563 feet high, almost twice as tall as the Statue of Liberty!
  
• Drive a covered wagon, make a corncob doll, and spend a day living the pioneer life at Laura Ingalls Wilder’s historic homestead in De Smet, South Dakota.

1. Visit Mount Rushmore: Marvel at the iconic Mount Rushmore National Memorial, where the faces of Presidents George Washington, Thomas Jefferson, Abraham Lincoln, and Theodore Roosevelt are meticulously carved into the granite mountainside. Explore the visitor center, take scenic hikes, and learn about the history and significance of this national landmark.
   
2. Explore Badlands National Park: Immerse yourself in the unique and rugged beauty of Badlands National Park. Witness striking rock formations, deep canyons, and expansive prairies. Take a scenic drive along the Badlands Loop Road, hike the trails, spot wildlife, and capture breathtaking views of the otherworldly landscapes.
   
3. Experience Custer State Park: Discover the natural wonders of Custer State Park, known for its diverse wildlife, scenic drives, and outdoor recreational opportunities. Drive along the famous Wildlife Loop Road to encounter herds of bison, deer, and other animals. Hike to Cathedral Spires for stunning views or enjoy fishing, boating, and swimming in the park's lakes.
   
4. Step into history at Deadwood: Immerse yourself in the Wild West history of Deadwood, a historic town that once attracted legends like Wild Bill Hickok and Calamity Jane. Stroll along the streets lined with historic buildings, visit museums, try your luck at the casinos, and catch a reenactment of the town's colorful past.
   
5. Discover the Black Hills: Explore the beauty of the Black Hills region, which encompasses not only Mount Rushmore but also other scenic attractions. Visit the Crazy Horse Memorial, an ongoing carving project honoring the Native American leader. Take a scenic drive through Spearfish Canyon, hike to Harney Peak, the highest point in South Dakota, or enjoy outdoor activities like fishing, camping, and rock climbing in this picturesque area.